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A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
C
- C, 1, 2, 6
- C++, 1, 2, 6
- Caesar, Julius, 352
- caller
- of a statement expression, term definition, 204
- canRead method
- of class
File
, 755
- canWrite method
- of class
File
, 756
- capacity method
- of class
StringBuffer
, 551 - of class
Vector
, 658
- capacityIncrement field
- of class
Vector
, 655
- carriage return (CR)
- escape sequence, 27
- handling in a
- character literal, 24
- string literal, 25
- as a line terminator, not input character, 14
- casting
- See also conversion
boolean
, 37ClassCastException
class, 611- conversion context, 53
- specification, 67
- floating-pointing types, 33
- integral types, 33
- reference types, 67
- run-time testing, 303
- standard exceptions,
ClassCastException
, 209 - to
void
, not permitted, 272
catch clause, 290
catch
clause
- See also control flow;
try
statement - exception handling role of, 204
- exception idiom defined with, 211
- ceil method
- of class
Math
, 524
- Cervantes, Miguel de, 67
- characters
- See also
Character
class; numbers; primitive types; strings - array of, distinguished from strings, 199
char
type, 30
- See also integral types; numbers; primitive types
- value range, 31
Character
class, 471charValue
method, of class Character
, 474- line terminators, 25
- literals
- escape sequences for, 26
- term definition and specification, 24
- Unicode character set
- composite, contrasted with the Unicode decomposed characters, 18
- handling in package names, 117
- lexical grammar use as terminal symbols, 7
- relationship to ASCII, 11
- charAt method
- of class
String
, 536 - of class
StringBuffer
, 551
- Chase, Lincoln, 111
- Chaucer, Geoffrey
- Canterbury Tales, 521
- Troilus and Creseide, 528
- checking
- See also exceptions, checked; throw
checkAccept
method, of class SecurityManager
, 577checkAccess
method
- of class
SecurityManager
, 572 - of class
Thread
, 594 - of class
ThreadGroup
, 605
checkConnect
method, of class SecurityManager
, 576checkCreateClassLoader
method, of class SecurityManager
, 572checkDelete
method, of class SecurityManager
, 576checkError
method, of class PrintStream
, 739
- checking
checkExec
method, of class SecurityManager
, 573checkExit
method, of class SecurityManager
, 573checkLink
method, of class SecurityManager
, 574checkListen
method, of class SecurityManager
, 577checkPropertiesAccess
method, of class SecurityManager
, 574checkPropertyAccess
method, of class SecurityManager
, 574checkRead
method, of class SecurityManager
, 575checkSetFactory
method, of class SecurityManager
, 577checkTopLevelWindow
method, of class SecurityManager
, 578checkWrite
method, of class SecurityManager
, 575- for exception handlers, at compile-time, 203
- checkPackageAccess method
- of class
SecurityManager
, 578
- checkPackageDefinition method
- of class
SecurityManager
, 578
- Christie, Agatha
- hand-writing experts, 325
- no method, 465
- Poirot's abrupt departure, 264
- testing a statement, 273
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius, 528
- circular declaration
- See also forward reference
ClassCircularityError
class, 611- of interfaces, compile-time error caused by, 185
- of subclasses, compile-time error caused by, 134
- of types, in different compilation units, legality of, 118
- class(es)
- See also fields; inheritance; interfaces; methods; packages; subclasses; superclasses; superinterfaces
abstract
, 131
- as array component types, 194
- binary compatibility considerations, 242
- declaration of, 131
- overriding
abstract
methods in, 158 - uses, 132
- accessibility, 99
- binary compatibility considerations, 242
- class(es)
- binary representation
- binary file format requirements, 240
- verification of, 220
- body
- declarations, binary compatibility considerations, 245
- term definition and declarations in, 138
Class
class, 466class
file format, binary file format use of, 238Class
objects, associated with arrays, 199, 49.class
suffix, as name for compiled files, 116ClassCastException
class, 611ClassCircularityError
class, 611classDepth
method, of class SecurityManager
, 571ClassFormatError
class, 611ClassLoader
class, 558classLoaderDepth
method, of class SecurityManager
, 572ClassNotFoundException
class, 611- constructors, binary compatibility considerations, 253
- declarations, 128
- (chapter), 127
- LALR(1) grammar productions, 443
- specifying direct superclasses in, 133
- specifying direct superinterfaces in, 135
- term definition, 128
- as declared entity, 78
- exception
Error
, 203, 211Exception
, 203, 208RuntimeException
, 203, 208Throwable
, 201, 202, 208, 463
- fields, see fields, class
final
- binary compatibility considerations, 242
- declaration of, 133
- finalization of, 235
- inaccessible, accessing members of, example, 142
IncompatibleClassChangeError
class, 611- initialization, 223
- detailed procedure, 225
- example, 217
- standard exceptions,
ExceptionInitializerError
, 212
- instances, see instance(s)
- class(es)
- instantiation, preventing, 180
- linking
- at virtual machine startup, 216
- initialization, 212, 223, 225
- preparation, 212, 221, 226
- process description, 220
- resolution, 216
- loading, 218
- at virtual machine startup, 216
- process description, 29
- standard errors
ClassCircularityError
, 219ClassFormatError
, 219NoClassDefFoundError
, 219
- members, 86
- declarations, 138
- binary compatibility considerations, 245
- methods
- class, 160
- interface, 169
- non-
static
, 160 static
, 160
- names
- fully qualified, 105
- scope of, 130
- naming conventions, 108
NoClassDefFoundError
class, 611- non-
public
, in example of qualified names and access control, 101 - objects have, while variables have types, 47
- as package members, 85
- preparation, 221
- at virtual machine startup, 216
- standard exceptions,
AbstractMethodError
, 212
- preventing instantiation of, 132
public
- access control in, 99
- binary compatibility considerations, 243
- in example of qualified names and access control, 101
- references to, binary file format requirements, 239
- resolution
- at virtual machine startup, 216
- process description, 221
- standard exceptions
IllegalAccessError
, 221IncompatibleClassChangeError
, 221InstantiationError
, 222
- class(es)
- resolution
- standard exceptions
NoSuchFieldError
, 222NoSucMethodError
, 222
- scope of, 81
- standard, see standard classes
- standard exceptions
ClassCastException
, 209, 69ClassNotFoundException
, 210, 468, 559, 560Error
, 208Exception
, 208RuntimeException
, 208Throwable
, 208
- static initializers, 175
- binary compatibility considerations, 259
- type declarations, as members of packages, 124
- unloading of, 235
- variables
- default values, 46
- specification, 145, 44
- verification
- at virtual machine startup, 216
- standard exceptions,
VerifyError
, 212
- classification
- reclassification of contextually ambiguous names, 91
- syntactic, of a name according to context, 90
- clear method
- of class
BitSet
, 620 - of class
Hashtable
, 638
- clearChanged method
- of class
Observable
, 644
- cloning
clone
method
- of class
BitSet
, 620 - of class
Hashtable
, 636 - of class
Object
, 460 - of class
Vector
, 656
Cloneable
interface, 465CloneNotSupportedException
class, 611
- CLOS (Common Lisp Object System), 4
- close method
- of class
FileInputStream
, 686 - of class
FileOutputStream
, 723 - of class
FilterInputStream
, 697 - of class
FilterOutputStream
, 731 - of class
InputStream
, 682 - of class
OutputStream
, 721 - of class
PipedInputStream
, 688 - of class
PipedOutputStream
, 726
- close method
- of class
PrintStream
, 739 - of class
RandomAccessFile
, 746 - of class
SequenceInputStream
, 695
- code generation
- See also binary, compatibility; compile-time errors; exceptions; optimization
- asynchronous exceptions, implications for, 205
- initialization, implications for, 227
- linking, implications for, 222
- loading, implications for, 219
- symbolic reference resolution implications of, 222
- comments
commentChar
method, of class StreamTokenizer
, 716- documentation, (chapter), 419
- term definition and specification, 15
- Common Lisp, 4, 6
- compareTo method
- of class
String
, 538
- compatibility
- binary, see binary, compatibility
- compilation
- See also compile-time errors; exceptions; virtual machine
- CompilationUnit goal symbol, syntactic grammar use, 8
- conditional
- binary compatibility considerations, 251
if
statement reachability handling to support, 298
- exception handlers checked for during, 203
- unit
- components, package declarations, 118
- importing types into, 120
- term definition and characteristics, 117
- compile-time errors, 1
- See also binary, compatibility; errors; exceptions
completion, 264
- completion
- See also control flow; exceptions
- abrupt
break
statement, 283continue
statement, 285- during expression evaluation, 304
for
statement, 282- labeled statements, 272
- reasons for, 264, 304
return
statement, 287synchronized
statement, 289throw
statement, 288
- completion
- abrupt
try
statement, 290try-catch
statement, 292try-catch-finally
statement, 293
- normal
- during expression evaluation, 304
- during statement execution, 264
- component(s)
- See arrays, components
- type, arrays, 194
- concat method
- of class
String
, 544
- concurrency, 309
- See also synchronization; threads
- conflicts
- name
- See also hiding; scope
- avoiding through use of syntactic context, 89
- connect method
- of class
PipedInputStream
, 687 - of class
PipedOutputStream
, 725
- Conner, Michael, 237
- constants
- See also fields, class,
final
; fields, interface; literals - characteristics and binary compatibility considerations, 251
- compile-time narrowing of
- by assignment conversion, implications, 61
- not permitted by method invocation conversion, 66
- expressions, 381
- in string literals, 26
- field
- binary compatibility considerations, 251
- term specification, 251
- named, see fields, class,
final
- primitive
- binary compatibility considerations, 251
- term definition, 251
- constructors
- See also class(es); execution; initialization; interfaces; methods
- access, 99
- binary compatibility considerations, 248
- control
- default, example, 102
private
, example, 105protected
, example, 104public
, example, 103
- constructors
- access
- hidden fields,
this
keyword use for, 269
- body, 178
- binary compatibility considerations, 257
- as components of a class body, 138
- declarations, 176
- binary compatibility considerations, 253
- LALR(1) grammar productions, 445
- default, 180
- deleting, binary compatibility considerations, 246
- invocation, during instance creation, 228
- as not members of a class, 86
- modifiers, 177
- names of, 176, 79
- overloading, 180
- binary compatibility considerations, 257
- parameters, 177
- See also arguments
- assignment during instance creation, 228
- binary compatibility considerations, 254
- scope, 82
- specification, 177, 45
private
, preventing instantiation with, 132, 181protected
, accessibility of, 100- references to, binary file format requirements, 239
- signature, 177
- binary file format requirements, 240
throws
clause, binary compatibility considerations, 256
- contains method
- of class
Hashtable
, 637 - of class
Vector
, 659
- containsKey method
- of class
Hashtable
, 637
- context(s)
- See also inheritance; scope
- conversion, 52
- assignment, specification, 61
- casting, specification, 67
- method invocation, specification, 66
- string, specification, 67
- reclassification of contextually ambiguous names, 91
- role in determining the meaning of a name, 79, 89
- syntactic classification of a name according to, 90
- context-free grammars
- See grammars, context-free
- continue statement
- See also control flow
- definite assignment, 397
- as reason for abrupt completion, 264
- specification, 285
- contract
- See also binary, compatibility
- term definition, 241
- control flow
- See also completion; definite assignment; exceptions; expressions; statements; statements, unreachable; threads
- boolean expressions use for, 37
break
statement, specification, 283continue
statement, specification, 285- deadlock avoidance, multiple lock use for, 290
do
statement, specification, 279for
statement, specification, 280if
statement, dangling else
handling, 270if-then
statement, specification, 273if-then-else
statement, specification, 274- local variable declaration and
switch
statement, 45 return
statement, specification, 286switch
statement, specification, 274synchronized
statement, specification, 289throw
statement, specification, 287try
statement, specification, 290try-catch
statement, specification, 291try-catch-finally
statement, specification, 293while
statement, specification, 277
- conventions
- naming, 106
- impact on name hiding, 84
- conversion
- See also casting; numbers; promotion
- casting, 67
- categories and contexts, 52
- (chapter), 51
- contexts
- assignment, specification, 61
- casting, specification, 67
- method invocation, specification, 66
- string, specification, 67
- forbidden, specification, 60
- identity
- in assignment conversion context, 61
- in casting conversion context, 67
- in method invocation conversion context, 66
- specification, 54
- conversion
- kinds of, 54
- in method invocations, 66
- narrowing
- primitive, 55
- in assignment conversion context, 61
- in casting conversion context, 67
- not allowed in method invocation conversion context, reasons for, 66
- reference, in casting conversion context, 67
- reference
- narrowing, 59
- specification, 59
- widening, 58
- specification, 58
- string, 67
- specification, 60
- term definition, 51
- term specification, 58
- widening
- primitive, 54
- in assignment conversion context, 61
- in binary numeric promotion context, 74
- in casting conversion context, 67
- in method invocation conversion context, 66
- in unary numeric promotion context, 73
- reference, 58
- in assignment conversion context, 61
- in casting conversion context, 67
- in method invocation conversion context, 66
- term specification, 58
- copyInto method
- of class
Vector
, 659
- cos method
- of class
Math
, 519
- count field
- of class
BufferedInputStream
, 699 - of class
BufferedOutputStream
, 732 - of class
ByteArrayInputStream
, 689 - of class
ByteArrayOutputStream
, 727 - of class
StringBufferInputStream
, 692
- countObservers method
- of class
Observable
, 643
- countStackFrames method
- of class
Thread
, 598
- countTokens method
- of class
StringTokenizer
, 653
C++, 1, 2, 6
- C++
Creamer, Henry, 595
- Creamer, Henry
- creation
- See also declaration; initialization
- array, 195, 38
- expression evaluation
- example, 318
- order, 316
- out-of-memory detection, example, 319
- instance, 38
- expression evaluation, 314
- order, 315
- expressions as statements, 272
- invocation of initializers for instance variables during, 229
- method dispatching during, 230
- specification and procedure, 228
- object, 38
- threads, 415
- Creatore, Luigi, 28
- currentClassLoader method
- of class
SecurityManager
, 571
- currentThread method
- of class
Thread
, 599
- currentTimeMillis method
- of class
System
, 581
- cuspidor
- See spittoon
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Java Language Specification (HTML generated by Suzette Pelouch on February 24, 1998)
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